2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
She rightfully belongs to the role of one of the most exceptional women in the history of Europe. In any case, the German writer Kurt Wolff argued that "no woman in the last 150 years has had a stronger influence on the German-speaking countries than Lou von Salome from St. Petersburg." And in fact, such a "collection" of celebrities who have lost their heads will not be found in any other woman's biography: Lou was the "Great Russian Revolution" in the life of Nietzsche, Rilke idolized and praised her, Freud admired her, her interlocutors were Ibsen and Tolstoy, Turgenev and Wagner, with her name associated with the suicides of Victor Tauska and Paul Re, at the insistence of Martin Buber, a famous philosopher and close friend, she wrote a book called "Erotica", which became a bestseller in Europe and withstood 5 reprints. / Larisa Garmash
Touching Lou's extraordinary personality, in search of the defining prerequisites for such a grandiose recognition on the part of great men, I, as a psychologist, turn my eyes to childhood - the source of decisive algorithms - a fundamental BEGINNING that sets the PROGRESS of a certain personal story. I propose to do it together and think about what triggers a human love scenario?
Lou biography facts
Lou was born in St. Petersburg, on February 12, 1861, in the family of a wealthy Russian nobleman (of German and French roots) - General Gustav von Salome. The birth of Lou was long-awaited and very desirable: she is the only daughter of her parents (the youngest child), before her appearance, boys were born in the family, Louise has 5 brothers.
In the attached photo, tiny Louise is in the arms of a happy, adoring father's daughter.
Needless to say, what kind of attention and care the girl was shrouded in? A long-awaited, precious child. The only, youngest daughter. A common favorite and joy. Its formation takes place in an atmosphere of universal acceptance and love. She can be herself, assert herself, manifest herself, grow - to everyone's joy, for her own benefit and good. She is loved and loved from birth - all-embracing and total.
… Following the brothers, Lou entered the oldest German school of the then St. Petersburg (called Petrishule), having received comprehensive, serious training upon graduation.
According to Louise's recollections, their family spoke several languages, so it is difficult for her to single out the main and main language: German, French, English and Russian sounded in the house alternately. In a sense, Lou - by birth in this life - gets into the atmosphere of European all-unity, completeness and unity of the world, which were actively supported by the openness of a particular family: social events were regularly held in the house, parties at which the light of the then metropolitan society gathered.
At the age of 17, Louise loses her beloved father, grieving at the loss, and at 19, together with her mother, she moves to Switzerland in order to continue her further education (in Russia at that time there was no higher education for women). The move was preceded by one incredible incident …
As a Catholic Protestant, but with an independent, free mind, Lou often disagreed with the pastor instructing the surname …
Here is an example described by Larisa Garmash, the biographer of Lou Salome …
During one of the first confirmation lectures with this intolerant pastor, when she heard that "there is no place where God is not present," she interrupted him with the words: "There is such a place! This is Hell."
In order to solve the problematic confrontation, 16-year-old Lou changes her guardian, offering herself to be a student of the famous metropolitan preacher, mentor of the royal children - Hendrik Guyot. And he, having accepted her offer, becomes a teacher and a pastor for Lou for the next two years … Guillot is much older than Louise, he is already 42, he is married, has grown children; nevertheless, love flares up between the teacher and the ward - platonic, sincere, but piercing and strong. Guillot, wanting to get a divorce, goes to Louise's parent with a proposal to take the girl into his lawful wife. But for Louise, this is the end: her mentor - the governor of the sovereign God - noble and beautiful in everything - descended to the earthly, manifesting a man in himself - Lou is disappointed and runs away to Switzerland, and then moves to Italy. Nevertheless, the correspondence with Guillot will stretch through their entire earthly life, continuing a special, spiritual friendship …
I am reminded of a similar literary story by Australian writer Colin McCullough, but with a different ending … "The Thorn Birds" Remember?
What's next ?! …
There, in Europe, in the house of the writer Malvida von Meisenbuch, a friend of Garibaldi, a friend of Herzen, an acquaintance of Nietzsche and Wagner, Louise Salomé meets the Darwinian biologist Paul Rheo, who falls madly in love with the gifted, beautiful Lou. They talk for a long time, taking interesting walks, their mutual sympathy grows stronger and Reyo (who before, as Garmash writes, “considered marriage and childbirth a philosophically irrational occupation”) makes Lu a marriage proposal, having received a decisive and firm refusal.
Refusing Ryo, Lou offers him an alternative version of relations with the platonic association into an intellectual commune that brings together progressive, consonant youth.
It did not work out with the commune at that time, Louise and Paul continue their communication, going on joint trips, visiting Paris, Berlin.
In 1882 (Salome at that time is 21 years old), Rheo introduces Louise to a very close friend - the philosopher and writer Friedrich Nietzsche. Like many, Nietzsche is completely fascinated by Louise, deciding, following his friend, to propose to the girl, but he also receives her refusal.
The trinity of friends nevertheless decides to unite in a commune that leads a rich intellectual life: Lou, Paul and Friedrich work hard, compose, conduct philosophical disputes, travel together, without committing only one thing - not physically getting closer.
After a while, Nietzsche will write the famous work that glorified him "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", the prototype of which is his beloved Lou (with her positions, views, reasoning).
The photo below shows the famous joint photo of the extraordinary, great trinity, which captured Lou Salomé, Friedrich Nietzsche and Paul Reu.
In 1886 (Louise is 25 years old), the girl meets an orientalist, a university teacher dealing with oriental languages - Friedrich Karl Andreas. Friedrich, like Lou's previous fans, falls deeply in love with the girl by proposing to her. Lou habitually refuses the lover, as if closing the question. To which, in front of his beloved's eyes, he attempts to commit suicide, stabbing himself with a knife. The frightened Lou agrees to the marriage, but puts forward one condition: their marriage will remain platonic, the husband will not be able to physically possess a wife. Friedrich accepts the condition and the couple registers the relationship. Their marriage is considered the most unusual marriage in history: for 43 years, the married couple lived in stifling closeness, but at a physical distance, observing the condition of an extraordinary and special Lou.
In the picture below you can see the couple Andreas - Lou Andreas Salome and Friedrich Karl Andreas.
And further in the life of Salome, a passionate, sexual romance still happened, with the poet Rainer Maria Rilke, who was unconsciously in love with her. I will cite a famous poem dedicated to the poet's beloved Salome (translated by Nemirovsky).
I have no life on earth without you.
If I lose my hearing, I will still hear
If I lose my eyes, I will see even more clearly.
Without legs, I will catch up with you in the darkness.
Cut off your tongue - I swear with my lips.
Break my hands - I will embrace with my heart.
Break my heart. My brain will beat
Towards your mercy.
And if suddenly I am engulfed in flames
And I will burn in the fire of your love -
I will dissolve you in a stream of blood.
The picture shows a couple in love - Salome and Rilke (left) and Rainer Maria (separately, right). Rilke is 15 years younger than Salome.
Salome became for the poet the great and only muse, his mistress, companion and sister.
Lou opened Russia to Rilke (they went on a trip to Louise's homeland together), taught Russian, introduced him to Tolstoy and fell in love with the country forever. Salome wrote that Rainer loved Russia as much as he loved her, and even more than her.
… After 4 years, the lovers (at the initiative of Salome) part. Louise releases Rilke into creativity, to freedom, postulating the following: a poet should not be attached to anyone more than to creativity, he should be completely free for poetry.
After parting, the couple continues their relationship in correspondence, until the end of Rilke's story, devoting each other to the most intimate …
What's next? Another incredible meeting that resulted in a great and wonderful friendship …
… In 1911, the Swedish psychiatrist Paul Bier introduced Andreas-Salome to the famous Sigmund Freud. She is fifty, a renowned psychiatrist five years older than Lou … Freud at that time looked old, Salome was still young and attractive … Sigmund Freud and Louise Salome are getting closer, Lou attends the lectures of the great psychiatrist, Freud treats the student with a special addiction, jealous of her spun off into separate currents to Adler and Jung … Lou leads her psychoanalytic practice, conducts therapy with Freud's daughter Anna, at the end of which he becomes friendly with her …
The history of the relationship between Freud and Salome is a story of deep human friendship, spanning a quarter of a century. They say that Freud loved Salome in his own way - with a special, spiritual love.
Sigmund Freud and his favorite student Lou Andreas Salome.
Lou Andreas-Salome died on February 5, 1937 at the age of 76 at her home near Göttingen, having outlived her husband by 7 years. Her ashes were buried in his grave. This amazing married couple, who did not know the flame of the matrimonial bed, shared the deathbed at the end of their lives. Unusual, distant relationship, uniting into one end!
An extraordinary woman! An unprecedented fate! Extraordinary personality! An extraordinary recognition of many great men!
Back to the beginning: what triggered the woman's love scenario?
Perhaps the great love of the father, the motherly acceptance, the warm friendship of the brothers? The life of Louise Salomé was started by an all-encompassing family love and continued by universal male sympathy throughout the subsequent history. Everything is determined by her - she is the beginning of everything - fundamental basis - LOVE. The premise of fate.
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