2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
In the era of active informational and personal-need development, the phenomenon of resistance to stress is no longer considered as a standard destructive factor, but as part of the analysis of a widespread problem. The need to adapt to the ever-increasing dynamics of the life rhythm causes the forced expansion of the framework of the individual space.
In this material, we will consider the specifics of the formation of stress, and also study the basic methods of psychotherapy in its treatment and prevention.
What is stress?
It is customary to understand stress as a natural reaction of a person to those circumstances, situations that force him to leave his usual comfort zone in order to solve the problems that have arisen.
Stress is an integral component of the evolution of modern society. Thanks to him, the organic (in most cases) formation of effective defense mechanisms is carried out. However, various internal conflicts and contradictions slow down the process of creating a personal system of attitudes and priorities. As a result, any subsequent stress can lead to the emergence of a chronic form of neurasthenia, depression, psychopathy.
Symptoms
In order for you to clearly understand what is at stake, we suggest analyzing the following list of symptoms:
- feeling tired throughout the day (even after a night's sleep);
- a significant decrease in working capacity, productivity, accompanied by memory impairment, the inability to concentrate on the actions being performed, and frequent mistakes;
- emotional overexcitement, unreasonable anxiety, fast speaking;
- tearfulness, apathy, isolation;
- excessive passion for alcohol, drugs;
- uncontrolled food intake;
- insomnia, obsessive thoughts, fixation on something;
- fearfulness, panic disorder.
Types of stress, taking into account the final result of exposure
1. The motivational type is characterized by the degree of usefulness necessary for successful personal growth. In this case, stress is a driving force that allows a person to develop an algorithm for a timely productive response.
2. The destabilizing type occurs in conditions of strong overvoltage. The line separating the individual from the transition to a painful stress state is extremely thin. Most often, the second type is characterized by a short duration of influence. However, there are times when the stressful format of the relationship with the outside world begins to prevail over an adequate assessment of events. This is fraught with a gradual decrease in resistance to stress, as well as the emergence of a number of psychosomatic diseases.
Causes
The main factors provoking the onset of stress:
- psychological characteristics of the worldview (expressed when building contacts with society);
- physiological aspects of life (stress can arise as a result of prolonged physical exertion, malnutrition, problems with sleep);
- reasons of an emotional nature (quite often stress is a consequence of low self-esteem, prolonged feelings of guilt, dissatisfaction with work, family relationships, and so on);
- satiety with information (today, making a decision is associated with an imposed analysis of several information sources at once: blind compliance with generally accepted trends in self-development or professional improvement can also accelerate the transformation of stress into a chronic form);
- multitasking (the idea of broad personal functionality within the framework of planning a life schedule helps to form an inferiority complex, which a priori leads to stress).
Psychotherapy
1. A technique based on a comprehensive study of all the nuances of a stressful situation (Gestalt therapy). This method of treatment allows the patient to realize the fact that the positive dynamics of rehabilitation is possible only under the condition of unquestioning acceptance of his current state. Attempts to change something at the start are leveled by the psychotherapist. The primary purpose of dialogue is to help the person overcome fear of possible experimentation in response to stress signals.
The implementation of the technique takes place according to the following principle: the psychotherapist acts as a listener, and the patient, in turn, shares the most exciting experiences, sensations that he experienced at the stage of encountering stress. The outcome of psychotherapy is considered successful when the client has managed to identify among the mass of choices those for the implementation of which he has sufficient resources.
It should be noted that Gestalt therapy has a rather lively, natural character of rehabilitation. The projection of the results obtained in the course of treatment and skills on the subsequent life cycle occurs quickly, without difficulty, which streamlines the search for optimal protective algorithms against stress.
2. Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. The effectiveness of the technique is explained by the involvement of basic personal elements: judgments, thoughts and actions. The teaching type of treatment involves focusing the patient's attention on the tolerance of making mistakes. The therapist must explain to the client that dealing with stress in one way or another involves the emergence of intrapersonal conflicts.
Collecting the maximum amount of information about oneself, one's own thinking, the system of subconscious attitudes - this is what the specialist should lead the patient to when using this psychotherapeutic method. Trust and a partnership form of cooperation are the key points for the successful completion of the rehabilitation course.
A turn-based strategy looks like this:
- conscious assessment of the problem;
- creation of alternative scenarios for information processing;
- ensuring the painless consolidation of the transformed behavioral structure in everyday life.
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