2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
Nowadays the word "psychotechnics" is very popular. How to achieve the desired result with the help of certain actions. If you do not take into account the banal "How to get married for 10 days" and "How to attract cash flow", the market is filled with coaching programs. Without the involvement of business coaches, not a single enterprise, not a single businessman is working now. Overseas specialists in psychotechnics are especially appreciated now. But the truth is, the new is the well-forgotten old. Very well.
The very idea of psychotechnics, theory, methods - Russian, Russian. And the development of psychotechnics as a science was engaged at the highest state level until the very period of repression.
And the field of psychotechnics was born in Russia with the light hand of Isaac Spielrein, the younger brother of Sabina Spielrein.
His story is amazing, I'll tell you.
Isaac
Sabina was already in a clinic in Switzerland, and the gymnasium student Isaac, according to the fashion of the time, began to visit a circle of SRs and distribute leaflets. After the search, his father, one of the most influential merchants of Rostov, sent his son away - to finish his studies in Paris. Then there were two more universities. Isaac by that time already knew 11 languages. By the way, B. Pasternak studied at the University of Heidelberg (Germany). Isaac wrote a dissertation under the guidance of Wundt himself - about how the physical development of a child depends on upbringing.
The First World War began. Isaac is stuck in Europe. And there, together with his sister, he published the most interesting work - "On the hard-to-perceive numbers." It was first published in Russian in 2008.
So Isaac and Sabina came to the conclusion that the worst remembered options are those where there are numbers 3, 7, 9. And it is with this age that erroneous memories are most often associated. They are also significant in any mythology. The authors presented their associative experiments and made conclusions about some of the infantile desires of those who forget them.
Isaac was already known in scientific circles in Europe, he was offered to become the head of the department of philosophy and psychology in Australia. But.. a patriot! He decided in 1919 to return to the new Russia. On the way home, he managed to meet Freud.
He began a new life in Tiflis as a translator for Kirov. Then Spielrein was sent to the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs - the head of the information department. He translated the foreign press for the People's Commissar Chicherin. He was also attracted for examinations - by the peculiarities of the dialect, to recognize where a person lived.
And then Spielrein received a state order of special importance. Develop methods to influence the personality and behavior of the employee in accordance with the needs of the employer and society. So a new science was born - psychotechnics.
Psychotechnics
Actually, in his laboratory at the Institute of Experimental Psychology of Moscow State University, Spielrein combined the studies of Harvard scientists known to him, the conclusions of the German psychophysiologist Stern and his own. Later, the methodology of influencing consciousness and behavior began to be called industrial psychotechnics. The laboratory carried out orders from enterprises, people's commissariats, and societies. For example, the number of emergencies due to the fault of the carriage drivers has increased - developments in the focus of attention have appeared. Much has been created on the topic of memorization, creating the necessary automatism of actions, and minimizing fatigue. Soviet people had to work, productively, a lot, for a long time - like a good mechanism. (Soviet children at that time, including on the basis of psychotechnics, were studied by specialists from another science - pedology, to which Sabina Spielrein was also involved.)
Spielrein created a methodology for the selection of personnel for the Red Army. With his light hand, enterprises switched to a 7-hour working day. He has consulted business leaders and performed extensive testing.
The Society for Psychotechnics, which he directed, had 900 members. Later L. Vygotsky studied Spielrein's methods.
But in 1935 Isaac Spielrein was arrested. They were given 5 years and sent to the Gulag. And in 1937 he was shot as a spy.
They remembered him during the investigation and two of his works. In 1920, he became interested in why in Russia they began to often change Russian surnames to Jewish ones. And in 1928 he wrote a study of the vocabulary of the civil war "The language of the Red Army soldier", where among the test was the question "Who is Stalin?" After Spielrein's arrest, all laboratories were closed, psychotechnical work was classified.
Spielrein's two siblings, an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the dean of the faculty of the Russian State University, were shot a year later.
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