2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
Many symptoms of ADHD are not “specific” for this disease, and to one degree or another can manifest itself in absolutely all children. Children with ADHD have, first of all, difficulty concentrating, increased motor activity (hyperactivity), and impulsivity (practically uncontrollable). The reasons for the development of ADHD is a persistent and chronic syndrome, which cannot be cured in modern medicine. It is believed that children can "outgrow" this syndrome, or adapt to its manifestations in adulthood. In the seventies of the last century, there was a lot of controversy about ADHD among healthcare professionals, educators, parents, and politicians. Some said that this disease does not exist at all, others argued that ADHD is transmitted genetically, and there is a physiological basis for the manifestation of this condition. A number of scientists prove the influence of climate conditions on the development of ADHD. There is reason to believe that acute or chronic intoxication (alcohol consumption, smoking, drugs) during pregnancy and lactation in the future may have an impact on the manifestation of ADHD in children.
Gestosis, toxicosis, eclampsia in childbirth, preterm labor, intrauterine growth retardation, caesarean section, prolonged labor, late breastfeeding, artificial feeding from birth and prematurity are also risk factors for the development of this syndrome. Traumatic brain injury and previous infectious diseases can affect the development of hyperactivity in children. With hyperactivity, the neurophysiology of the brain is impaired, and such children are deficient in dopamine and norepinephrine.
Signs It is customary to distinguish three types of ADHD: a case with attention deficit, a case with a child's hyperactivity and impulsivity, and a mixed type. Many signs of ADHD in children are not always detected.
The first symptoms of hyperactivity manifest themselves in kindergarten and primary school. Psychologists should observe children in the classroom at school and how they behave at home and on the street.
Children with ADHD are not only not attentive, they are also very impulsive. They have no control over behavior in response to any demands. Such children quickly and independently respond to any situation that has arisen, without waiting for instructions and recommendations from parents and other adults. Such children do not correctly assess the requirements of teachers and assignments. Children with hyperactivity cannot correctly assess the results of their actions, and what destructive or negative impact they can have. Such children are very capricious, they do not have a sense of fear, they expose themselves to unnecessary risks in order to show themselves in front of their peers. Children with hyperactivity very often get injured, poisoned, spoil other people's property.
Diagnostics
According to international criteria, the diagnosis of ADHD can be made to children if they have the appropriate symptoms no earlier than 12 years old (according to foreign publications, this diagnosis is valid even at the age of six). Signs of ADHD should show up in different settings and situations.
Six main symptoms (from the list below) are required to make a diagnosis of ADHD, and if the signs of the disease persist and are over 17 years old, 5 symptoms are enough. Signs of the disease should be stable for six months or more. There is a certain gradation of symptoms. Inattentiveness syndrome and hyperactivity syndrome have their own symptoms, and they are counted separately.
Carelessness
1. Boys and girls with ADHD at school are not very attentive, they constantly make mistakes in class and in homework. They write in notebooks and on the blackboard carelessly and inaccurately.
2During classes and games with peers, such children interfere with everyone, do not understand the rules of the game, but try to participate in it, they are not very attentive.
3. Teachers and parents have the impression that the child does not hear what is being said.
4. Can start some business or occupation and not bring it to the end.
5. It is difficult to perform independent work in the classroom or at home.
6. If homework requires perseverance, attentiveness, prolonged mental stress, then he categorically refuses to do them.
7. Constantly loses his school supplies, textbooks, notebooks, second shoes, etc.
8. In the classroom, it is very easy to be distracted by extraneous matters.
9. He constantly breaks everything around him, but he does not admit that he did it.
10. Very forgetful in simple everyday and everyday situations.
Increased activity in children with ADHD
Children with ADHD are hyperactive anytime, anywhere. Such children are always and everywhere mobile, behave like "whirligig". Constantly spinning, running around pillars and trees, spinning in class, restless even in sleep, reproduce during the day multiple and uncontrolled movements in the hands and even in the feet. During a school lesson, he can get up from a chair without the teacher's permission and go in an unknown direction. He is constantly in active movement - he runs around the school, jumps at recess, shouts loudly, tries to climb somewhere and jump from somewhere. Such children cannot play quietly and calmly or do something at all. Such children have no hobbies, they read little, do not like to design. He does not sit in one place for a minute, is in constant motion, as if a "motor" is attached to it from behind. Children with ADHD are very sociable, easily get in touch with everyone, talkative, superficial in communication, often forget what they started talking about. Such children cannot wait long for anything, they need everything “here and now”. Constantly climbs up to other children, prevents them from playing, takes toys. The sleep of such a child is very restless, he tosses and turns all night, cannot find the correct position of the pillow, crumples the blanket, throws it off himself.
Behavior with ADHD can be "unbearable" for parents, teachers, and other family members. Most often, it is the parents who are blamed for the poor upbringing of their child. It is very difficult for parents themselves with such children, and they constantly feel a sense of shame for the behavior of their son or daughter. Constant remarks at school about the hyperactivity of a daughter or son, on the street - from neighbors and friends.
Having a child diagnosed with ADHD does not mean that his parents raised him poorly and did not teach him how to behave properly. Parents of these children need to understand that ADHD is a medical condition that requires proper treatment. Parents and the internal environment in the family will help a boy or girl get rid of increased hyperactivity, become more attentive, study better at school, and in the future adapt to adulthood. Every little person must discover his inner potential. Children are in great need of parental attention and care. In the world of modern technologies and with the availability of money, parents can buy their child any toy, the most modern phone, tablet and computer. But, no modern "toys" will give your baby warmth. Parents must not only feed and clothe their children, they must devote all their free time to them. Very often, parents get tired of their children with hyperactivity and try to shift all the worries about upbringing to grandparents, but this is not a way out of this difficult situation. Parents of such "special" children should turn to a psychologist and solve this problem together with teachers and medical workers. The sooner parents realize the seriousness of ADHD, and the sooner they turn to specialists, the better the prognosis for curing this disease.
Parents need to arm themselves with the knowledge of this disease. There is a lot of literature on this topic. Only in close cooperation with a doctor and teacher can you achieve good results in the treatment of this disease. ADHD is not a label and you shouldn't be afraid of the word. You need to talk to teachers at school about the behavior of your beloved child, discuss all problems with them, and make sure that teachers understand what is happening with their boy or girl.
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