2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
Great empress
Anastasia was born in Greece into the family of an Orthodox priest. At the age of 14, she was captured by slave traders and ended up in the harem of the 13-year-old Sultan Ahmed.
The girl diligently studied Turkish, mastered the wisdom of palace etiquette and belly dancing, playing the lute. Ahmed gave the concubine a name - Kesem = "the most beloved."
When Ahmed I ruled, Kesem remained in the shadow of her husband. But in 14 years of union with the Sultan, she gave birth to 13 crown princes and princesses. Two sons - Murad and Ibrahim - later ruled the Ottoman Empire. Kesem married her daughters to influential nobles, whose support strengthened the position of the sultana at court.
The ambassadors wrote:
“The Sultana is charming, intelligent, perceptive, talented, and sings skillfully. The Sultan loves and wishes that she was always near him. Being wise, he does not talk with the Sultan on political topics. " "Does with the king as he pleases."
At the age of 28, Ahmed died suddenly. Kesem was widowed and from this event the triumphal path to power began.
The sultana organized a coup d'état and installed her 11-year-old son Murad on the throne, under which she became regent. Foreign ambassadors noted how the mother, standing behind the curtain, told her son what decision to make.
Valide instructed statesmen to prepare for their sons sets of rules necessary to govern the empire, insisted on an open foreign policy, condemned the passion for wine and tobacco, excessive luxury.
Murad IV, having matured, proved to be a man of tough disposition with a vicious nature. Due to an addiction to wine, at the age of 28, he died childless from cirrhosis of the liver.
The throne of the empire was taken by brother Ibrahim in 1640 and Kesem again became regent. Sultan Ibrahim I, having reached the age of 21, got rid of maternal custody in power. He drove his mother out of the palace, thereby insulting the great ruler.
In 1648, with the participation of Kesem Ibrahim I, they overthrew and executed. The son of Mehmed, who was 7 years old, was elevated to the throne. Kesem became regent with her grandson, having won this right from Turhan - the mother of the young sultan.
Among the courtiers and members of the dynasty, Kesem was known as a powerful and cruel woman. However, the people loved her: the sultana was engaged in charity work, visited prisons, orphanages and hospitals. She paid off the debts of the poor, helped orphans to get married, giving them a dowry. She took care of the work of public canteens: thousands of people ate for free every day.
A cruel turn of the era of the "female sultanate" was the struggle that unfolded between the sultans Kesem and Turhan - the latter wanted to be regent under her son, Sultan Mehmet IV. The struggle lasted three years. Kesem lost: on September 3, 1651, at the age of 62, the great Valide was strangled by eunuchs bribed by Turhan.
Kesem is the only Ruler of the Islamic state to have officially received the right of regency three times. In fact, the sultana ruled the empire from the day of her husband's death until the day of her own death. The era of the reign of Kesem Sultan is considered favorable for the Ottoman state.
What other great rulers do you know?
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