2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
During counseling, parents often ask what events and situations can psychologically traumatize the child. Most often, the average parent evaluates the possibility of injury based on their own experience and experiences. It can be difficult to strike a balance between allowing the child to experience their own experiences and noticing problems in time. At the same time, it is often not accepted to pay attention to some factors in the traumatization of children in our society (for example, medical interventions).
Therefore, it seems to me that additional knowledge increases the stability of parents in this matter. Indeed, with physical injury, it is obvious whether there is a bruise or not. And the consequences of psychological trauma may not have a clear impact-manifestation relationship. Plus, age features have their own color. Indeed, it can be difficult to understand where the features of character are, where is the reaction of the psyche to the situation, and where are the age traits.
But still, certain guidelines exist: possible causes and situations, characteristics of the child, manifestations.
Some possible causes of acute trauma:
1. Loss of a parent or family member.
2. Illness.
3. Physical injury, including falls and accidents.
4. Sexual, physical and emotional abuse.
5. Evidence of someone else's cruelty.
6. Natural disasters.
7. Certain medical and dental procedures, surgical procedures.
Whether the event is traumatic depends on the following:
1. Intensity, duration and frequency of the event.
2. Features of the child's temperament.
3. Personal experience (available ways of coping with the situation, experience of similar situations).
4. Reactions of significant people (the younger the child, the more his reaction depends on the reaction of loved ones (up to 80%)).
5. Ability to be active and active.
6. A sense of self-confidence.
7. Age (it is clear that the older the child, the more opportunities he has for points 3, 5, 6).
How acute trauma can manifest:
First, the occurrence of manifestations that were not characteristic of the child before the event.
If you walk along the vertical of age, then up to three years, bodily symptoms will prevail (but may appear at an older age), and there may also be a delay in psychological development. From 4-6 years old, behavior may be predominantly disturbed (isolation, aggressiveness, hyperactivity), by ten years, there are more emotional reactions (fearfulness, tearfulness, anger, irritability). In adolescence, there may be suicidal statements, auto-aggression (including self-harm), and violation of relationships.
There may be a return to previous stages of development (for example, a child who has already gone to the potty begins to walk in panties again).
Learning difficulties appear at school age.
At any age, sleep can be disturbed, nightmares appear.
What to do
When distant or unfolding consequences are already noticeable, or you yourself feel confusion and helplessness, it is better to turn to specialists.
If a situation has occurred that is out of the ordinary for your child, or planned medical procedures, the general (somewhat preventive) recommendations are as follows:
1. To create an environment of "acute security".
2. To give moral support (I accept your experiences and endure them) and physical (the physical feeling of support is also important).
3. Adhere to the rhythm in the child's life (routine, consistency, predictability) - this creates a feeling of reliability.
4. Allowing to express - to experience (to tell, to play, to draw), to assist in this the active position of the child.
5. Help identify feelings and experiences.
6. Release tension through the body and movement.
This will make it possible not to encapsulate the traumatic experience, but to process it.
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