2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 02:26
In Russia, people are used to getting along "somehow, on their own." And besides, there are friends, comrades, drinking companions?
And few people think about how often friendship breaks down, lives break down, gossip goes after our kitchen frankness.
Our good advisers do not wish us harm, but following these advice rarely brings something good - each person is unique, and what helped one does not necessarily help another, and perhaps even vice versa, will finally break a person's life.
They go to a psychologist for analytical information on their problem, for real changes in themselves and their relationships with other people, that is, for a specific result of help. And they go to friends and girlfriends for sympathy, understanding and support - for human empathy. Unfortunately, the history of our country is not conducive to openness and frankness. We are afraid of public opinion: "What will they say about me? That I am crazy?" Until now, many psychiatrists and psychologists frighten their loved ones.
But before we scare someone with a psychiatrist and psychologist, let's figure out who is who:
Psychiatrist. This education can only be obtained at a medical university. A psychiatrist is a doctor, he can prescribe medications and make diagnoses, he can act as an expert in psychological and psychiatric examination.
Where can such a specialist work? Psychiatrists work in medical institutions or privately. They usually deal with psychiatric problems. The essence of the work comes down to the correct selection of drug therapy. It was assumed that the clinical psychologist should just take over the work with the psychological problems of patients. In fact, this is often not the case, that is, no one deals with the psyche of patients in psychiatric hospitals, I mean maintenance, development, rehabilitation, psychotherapy.
Psychotherapist. Where can you get such an education? Until recently, nowhere in Russia. Now there is an official profession "psychotherapist", and you can get it in medical universities. A psychotherapist is a doctor who has the authority to prescribe drugs. It is assumed that such a specialist will work with both psychological and psychiatric problems, combining verbal therapy with drug therapy. Unfortunately, in reality this is not the case, because the educational program until recently was no different from the educational program of a psychiatrist.
Where can such a specialist work? A psychotherapist works in medical institutions, the range of problems is usually similar to the work of a psychiatrist.
Psychologist, educational psychologist. Such education can be obtained in humanitarian universities. If the faculty is psychological, usually such a specialist has more knowledge in psychology, since at the faculty of psychology and pedagogy a lot of time is devoted to pedagogy. The specialist cannot diagnose.
Where can such a specialist work? Psychologists usually work in preschool and school institutions, in human resources departments, in the scientific community. Usually their work comes down to testing, identifying various factors that affect "something." In kindergartens, these are various games with children, including developing ones. Psychologists also conduct conversations with children and parents, company employees. Conversations can touch upon various problems of career guidance, motivation, and conflict resolution. Such conversations can be called psychological counseling. In the scientific community, psychologists conduct a lot of social research.
Clinical or medical psychologist. This education can also be obtained in liberal arts universities, and more recently clinical psychology faculties have opened in medical universities. A clinical psychologist is not a doctor and cannot prescribe medications or make diagnoses. However, he can act as an expert in psychological and psychiatric examination. This often means nothing. In our country, a doctor is everything, a psychologist is nothing.
Where can such a specialist work? The main difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychologist is that he can work in medical institutions. A specialist in this field has extensive knowledge in the physiology and anatomy of the central nervous system, psychiatry, since work in medical institutions involves working with pathologies. Usually such specialists work with pediatric pathology, patients who have received traumatic brain injury, hemorrhage due to stroke. In psychiatric hospitals, they work in tandem with a psychiatrist - these are conversations, tests, developmental games or exercises. Scientific research is often carried out in parallel.
"All diseases are from the nerves …" - there is a common saying. Of course, not all, but very many. How often do our anxiety, problems at home and at work affect our health.
When our body is sick, we go to the doctors. But why is our psyche worse? Why do we care less about our mental health than our physical health? It is not enough to cure the consequence, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of the disease - and it is often found in our life and psyche. In general, you can live without a psychologist. And it’s very good - if you have excellent mental health and comfortable living conditions.
However, when a person thinks about the opportunity to visit a psychologist to solve their problems, the following doubts may arise:
- I can handle it myself.
- I will talk to relatives / friends, and everything will be decided.
- I'm not crazy.
- All psychologists are charlatans.
Let's take a look at each of these points:
"I can handle it myself." Yes, of course, you can find a way out of the situation yourself, or rather let's call it a solution to the problem, moreover, at a psychologist's appointment you will look for this solution. Themselves. As I wrote above, the psychologist will be your companion and guide in the study of yourself. By nature, a person is far from always aware of his behavior, motivation and goals, and the role of the psychologist is to help to realize all this and to help decide what to do with this new knowledge.
"I'll talk to my family / friends and everything will be decided." This will undoubtedly have an effect. After all, pronouncing the problem allows you to better understand it, but there are pitfalls here. For example, it often happens that the symptom simply goes away, and in a week, month, year we again find ourselves with a similar situation with the same feelings and emotions. Also, relatives and friends can not always understand the situation from all sides, since they will subconsciously divide the sides into bad and good. Or give advice from your situation.
"I'm not crazy." Everything is simple here. People just confuse psychologists, psychotherapists and psychiatrists. The main difference between the former and the latter two is that psychologists, as a rule, work more with healthy people. I would equate the work of a psychologist in a sense with the work of a dentist who helps to keep teeth in order. Moreover, if a person comes to a psychologist, for example, with a delusional state, the psychologist is obliged to refer him to a psychiatrist or even call an ambulance (in cases where a person is dangerous to himself or others).
"All psychologists are charlatans." This belief is quite common in the vastness of Russia. This is primarily due to the fact that for a long time there were no criteria and restrictions for psychological practice, and anyone did it, often without special education. But nothing stands still, and now there are various professional associations, including foreign ones, with a rich history and traditions. As a rule, to become a member of such a psychological organization, you must have acc. education, proven successful practice, own therapy (each psychologist also regularly undergoes psychotherapy) and supervision hours (this is when the psychologist works under the supervision of a more experienced person, or more experienced ones consider his cases).
A professional psychologist uses in his work an integrated approach to the application of methods and techniques of various areas of psychology. An ordinary person does not need this and is not achievable without long preparation. A professional psychologist differs from an ordinary person, who, of course, has some knowledge of his own in psychology (they are called ordinary psychology), differs in the same way as a PC user from a professional programmer and electronics engineer, for whom his whole life is connected with the world of programming. A psychologist, unlike a doctor, helping to solve any problem, has to deal with the human psyche, which is integral and inseparable in real life.
And this does not mean at all that the psychologist always knows better than you how you will continue to live. The psychologist does not pretend to be a "teacher of life", he will not keep you under his influence. A psychologist will help you become a full-fledged and self-sufficient person, capable of making decisions on your own and going your own way.
However, do not forget that there are simply no ready-made recipes for success. We are all different from each other and our problems are so different, and there are a great many ways to solve them … So let's start solving them!
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