2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
Psychologist, CBT approach
Chelyabinsk
After an injury (sexual violence, beating, prolonged exposure to bullying, any mass bullying, chronic psychological violence in the family, etc.), a person may experience serious maladjustment in 55% of cases.
Maladjustment occurs as a result of a violation of the victim's normal perception of himself and the surrounding reality: the world begins to seem like a dangerous place, a person is forced to be in a state of heightened anxiety and tension in connection with the expectation of a new threat, self-esteem decreases, the mood becomes depressed due to thoughts of his own failure, powerlessness change something, difficulties arise in interpersonal relationships, a variety of psychosomatic disorders join - pain in the body, tremors, insomnia, overeating, or, on the contrary, lack of appetite …
Stress reactions
The degree of the disorder can range from mild to severe, with psychotic inclusions.
The degree of the disorder is influenced by many factors: the level of emotional stability, the nature of the personality's psychological defenses, the severity of stress, its duration, etc.
Let me give you an example of an older sister of a friend of mine who was gang raped and went into psychosis. For some time she did not tell anyone about this incident, she closed herself off, was depressed. Everything became clear only after an examination in a psychiatric hospital, where a friend's sister ended up when she began to see hallucinations and tried to commit suicide. After discharge, the breakdowns recurred if she stopped taking the drugs. Sometimes spending the night with a friend, I saw with my own eyes this psychosis, how her mother tried to cope with an attack of aggression, and then persuaded for a long time to get out of the bathroom and not commit suicide. After taking the medication, she calmed down and fell asleep. My friend's mother worked at night, so my friend asked me to spend the night with her, because she was afraid of her sister's attacks and her visions.
Of course, the consequences are not always so dire, but, be that as it may, they disrupt the well-being and adaptation of the victim.
The sooner a person seeks psychological help after a traumatic situation has occurred, the less likely they are to develop chronic PTSD.
Cognitive behavioral therapy can help you effectively manage the effects of PTSD, or at least reduce the intensity of the disorder.
PTSD therapy consists of the following steps:
1.activation of cognitive and emotional structures associated with fear (working out fears associated with obsessive thoughts and images of anxiety content, reviving memories of trauma - thoughts, images, sensations, feelings); 2. immersion (exposure): in the process of gradual immersion in a trauma situation, a person comes to understand that he is not only able to withstand traumatic memories, but also, as a result of habituation, the intensity of the experience decreases; 3. cognitive restructuring: changing negative beliefs; 4. creation of a different scenario in the client's imagination (a different view of what happened is being constructed, when the victim relieves himself of guilt, re-evaluates his behavior, his personality); 5. since the course of PTSD is further aggravated by the accompanying problems in a person's life, their analysis is also carried out, the formation of new perceptions and response strategies; 6. the client is trained in methods of coping with anxiety.
R. Leahy, R. Sample.
In the book of I. G. Malkina-Pykh recommended that psychological assistance for PTSD be provided by a person of the same sex as the victim.
Psychotherapeutic interventions should be aimed at increasing the client's self-esteem.
Pressure should be avoided if the person seeking help does not want to continue therapy or talk about any events.
It is important to take into account the resourcefulness and motivation of the client when working on the trauma.
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