2024 Author: Harry Day | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:43
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It is difficult for me to understand my feelings - a phrase that each of us has come across: in books, in movies, in life (someone's or my own). But it is very important to be able to understand your feelings. Some believe - and perhaps they are right - that the meaning of life is in feelings. And in fact, at the end of life, only our feelings, real or in memories, remain with us. Yes, and the measure of what is happening can also be our experiences: the richer, more diverse, brighter they are, the more fully we feel life.
What are feelings? The simplest definition: feelings are what we feel. This is our attitude to certain things (objects). There is also a more scientific definition: feelings (higher emotions) are special mental states manifested by socially conditioned experiences that express a long-term and stable emotional relationship of a person to things.
How feelings differ from emotions
Sensations are our experiences that we experience through our senses, and we have five of them. Sensations are visual, auditory, tactile, taste and smell (our sense of smell). Everything is simple with sensations: stimulus - receptor - sensation.
Our consciousness interferes with emotions and feelings - our thoughts, attitudes, our thinking. Emotions are influenced by our thoughts. Conversely, emotions affect our thoughts. We will definitely talk about these relationships in more detail a little later. But now let's remember once again one of the criteria of psychological health, namely point 10: we are responsible for our feelings, it depends on us what they will be. It is important.
Fundamental emotions
All human emotions can be distinguished by the quality of the experience. This aspect of a person's emotional life is most vividly presented in the theory of differential emotions by the American psychologist K. Izard. He identified ten qualitatively different "fundamental" emotions: interest-excitement, joy, surprise, sorrow-suffering, anger-rage, disgust-disgust, contempt-neglect, fear-horror, shame-shyness, guilt-remorse. K. Izard refers the first three emotions to positive, the remaining seven - to negative. Each of the fundamental emotions underlies a whole spectrum of states, differing in their severity. For example, within the framework of such a single-modal emotion as joy, one can distinguish joy-satisfaction, joy-delight, joy-glee, joy-ecstasy, and others. All other, more complex, complex emotional states arise from the combination of fundamental emotions. For example, anxiety can combine fear, anger, guilt, and interest.
1. Interest is a positive emotional state that promotes the development of skills and abilities, the acquisition of knowledge. Interest-excitement is a feeling of being captured, curious.
2. Joy is a positive emotion associated with the ability to sufficiently fully satisfy an urgent need, the likelihood of which was previously low or uncertain. Joy is accompanied by self-satisfaction and satisfaction with the surrounding world. The obstacles to self-realization are also obstacles to the emergence of joy.
3. Surprise is an emotional reaction that does not have a clearly expressed positive or negative sign to sudden circumstances. Surprise inhibits all previous emotions, directing attention to a new object and can turn into interest.
4. Suffering (grief) is the most common negative emotional state associated with obtaining reliable (or seemingly such) information about the impossibility of satisfying the most important needs, the achievement of which seemed more or less likely before. Suffering has the character of asthenic emotion and often takes the form of emotional stress. The most severe form of suffering is grief associated with irreparable loss.
5. Anger is a strong negative emotional state, which occurs more often in the form of affect; arises in response to an obstacle in the achievement of passionately desired goals. Anger has the character of a sthenic emotion.
6. Disgust - a negative emotional state caused by objects (objects, people, circumstances), contact with which (physical or communicative) comes into sharp conflict with the aesthetic, moral or ideological principles and attitudes of the subject. Disgust, when combined with anger, can motivate aggressive behavior in interpersonal relationships. Disgust, like anger, can be self-directed, reducing self-esteem and causing self-condemnation.
7. Contempt is a negative emotional state that arises in interpersonal relationships and is generated by the mismatch of life positions, views and behavior of the subject with those of the object of feeling. The latter appear to the subject as vile, not corresponding to the accepted moral norms and ethical criteria. A person is hostile to someone he despises.
8. Fear is a negative emotional state that appears when the subject receives information about possible damage to his life well-being, about real or imagined danger. In contrast to suffering caused by direct blocking of the most important needs, a person, experiencing the emotion of fear, has only a probabilistic forecast of possible trouble and acts on the basis of this forecast (often insufficiently reliable or exaggerated). The emotion of fear can be both sthenic and asthenic in nature and proceed either in the form of stressful conditions, or in the form of a stable mood of depression and anxiety, or in the form of affect (horror).
9. Shame is a negative emotional state, expressed in the realization that one's own thoughts, actions and appearance do not correspond not only to the expectations of others, but also to one's own ideas about appropriate behavior and appearance.
10. Guilt - a negative emotional state, expressed in the awareness of the improperness of one's own deed, thoughts or feelings and expressed in regret and repentance.
Table of feelings and emotions of a person
And I also want to show you a collection of feelings, emotions, states that a person experiences during his life - a generalized table that does not pretend to be scientific, but will help you better understand yourself. The table is taken from the site "Community of Dependents and Codependents", author - Mikhail.
All feelings and emotions of a person can be divided into four types. These are fear, anger, sadness and joy. You can find out what type this or that feeling belongs to from the table.
And for those who have read the article to the end. The purpose of this article is to help you understand your feelings, what they are. Our feelings depend a lot on our thoughts. Irrational thinking is often at the root of negative emotions. By correcting these mistakes (by working on thinking), we can be happier and achieve more in life. There is an interesting, but persistent and painstaking work on oneself. You are ready?
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